Wikipedia Dispute On The Greenland Ruby: Colonial and Corporate Interests attempt to Deny and Diminish the Inuit Voice

An editorial perspective by Marc Choyt, Publisher, fairjewelry.org.

Interests in support of True North Gems and Greenlandic Bureau of Mining and Petroleum (BMP) are attempting to control public discourse by distorting the truth on the Greenland ruby on Wikipedia.

Their claims belittle the efforts of the Greenlandic Inuit to uphold the rights of small scale mining, under Article 32 of the Mineral Resources Act.

In fact, Greenlanders were allowed to mine and sell their rubies until valuable rubies were documented. Greenlanders were even sent to the Tucson Gem and Mineral Show. Once valuable rubies were documented, the Inuit’s traditional mining and selling of rubies was blocked by the government.

The truth of the matter is that Niels Madsen’s actions of behalf of Inuit rights were technically entirely legal under Greenlandic law because no company has a claim on any land. Until a claim is made, the land still belongs to Greenlanders.

Inuits have utilized ruby in sacred rites for hundreds, if not thousands of years. The action of BMP are in clear violation of the United Nations Declaration of Indigenous Rights, as stated in my previous post.

In Wikipedia, my version of the story, including my initial post has been removed several times.

Greg Valerio, ethical jeweler, activist, an internationally recognized authority on small scale artisan mining and fair trade jewelry issues, has attempted to keep the record straight on Wikipedia on behalf of the Inuits, But his posts are continually overridden.

Therefore, we call upon those involved in Wikipedia to set up a forum where all voices can be heard. No anonymous posts should be allowed.

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United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People

Introduction:

A declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People was passed on September 13th, 2007. The US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand voted against the act.

This act has broad ramifications throughout the gem world. Gems are often found on indigenous lands. Commonly governments work with large scale mining to disenfranchise and destroy indigenous communities in order to gain mineral wealth. The diamond business in South Africa was predicated and then built on the destruction of indigenous cultures.

In context to my recent coverage of the Greenlandic ruby, Denmark voted for the act. Any objective examination of Greenland’s Bureau of Mining and Petroleum conduct illustrates a clear violation of this declaration.

Inuits were once allowed the freedom to mine and sell Greenlandic rubies. This was even supported by the Greenlandic government, which sent members of the Greenlandic Stone Club to the Tucson Gem Show. However, now that valuable rubies have been found, Inuits are no longer allowed to conduct their artisan small scale mining and selling of rubies. The result of this has been an uprising lead by the 16th of August Union, as I have discussed earlier.

Below are a few of the articles from this newly passed declaration that are relevant to the artisan small scale mining sector.
~ Marc Choyt, Publisher

Article 26

1.  Indigenous peoples have the right to land, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied and otherwise used or acquired.

2.  Indigenous peoples have the right to own, use, develop and control the lands, territories and resources they possess by reason of traditional ownership, or other traditional occupation or use, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired.  

3.  States shall give legal recognition and protection to these lands, territories and resources.  Such recognition shall be conducted with due respect to customs, traditions and land tenure systems of the indigenous peoples concerned.

Article 32

1.  Indigenous peoples have the right to develop and develop priorities and strategies for the development of use of their lands or territories and other resources.

2. States shall consult and cooperate in good fair with the indigenous peoples concerned through their own representative institutions in order to obtain their free and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting their lands or territories and other resources, particularly in connection with the development, utilization or exploitation of mineral, water or other resources.

3.  States shall provide effective mechanisms for just and fair redress of any such activities, and appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate adverse environmental, economic, social or spiritual impact.  

Article 40

Indigenous peoples have the right to access to and prompt decision through just and fair procedures for the resolution of conflicts and disputes with States or other parties, as well as effective remedies for all infringements of their individual and collective rights.  Such a decision shall give due consideration to the customs, traditions, rules and legal systems of the indigenous peoples concerned and international human rights.  

Article 41

The United Nations, its bodies, including the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, and specialized agencies, including at the country level, and States shall promote respect for and full application of the provisions of this Declaration and follow up the effectiveness of this Declaration.  

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Diamond Beneficiation in Botswana

~ By Marc Choyt, Publisher, fairjewelry.org

For the past two years, I have been asking people I know in the diamond trade when an African diamond directly traceable to a particular country and beneficiation programs will be available. Recently, programs have been developed in Sierra Leon, Namibia, and now we have the Botswana diamond.

Mine to market custody is viewed as a best practice. To achieve this in the diamond sector, particularly in Africa, has been exceedingly difficult. In many countries, people live in desperate conditions with corrupt governments. Small scale mining is decentralized and diamonds are considered commodities, through the supply chain, in the mining and cutting process.

Since the issue of blood diamonds hit the mainstream, many in the ethical jewelry space have been advocating Canada Mark diamonds as the best alternative. This stance has been highly controversial by many in the diamond sector because diamond trade is vital to Africa. Often, Botswana is listed as an example of successful diamond commerce.

Some customers who are really concerned about the ethics of diamonds may not want the Botswana diamond because it is tied into DeBeers’ supply chain. Nevertheless, that such a brand is being developed is an important indicator of how a few in the diamond sector are viewing an emerging marketing opportunity. An independent with five stores, Day’s Jewelers, has already adopted the brand and I intend to look into this for my own company as well.

Massive issues within the diamond supply chain, specifically relating to smuggling, distortion around the notion of “conflict free” and injustices to small scale miners are troubling. Everyone in the know realizes that Kimberly Certification means less and less, given the continuing huge leaks in the pipeline.

Many of these problems may never be solved. They are historically rooted in exploitative colonial practices. But a vital first step is to build a market demand based on a new paradigm. Fortunately, a few companies are wise enough to set up islands in this sea of chaos for those jewelers interested in exemplary practices.

What is important to note here is that this type of product shows that the diamond sector is shifting.

For an additional perspective, read this article from National Jeweler:

Motiganz debuts Botswana-made diamonds in U.S.

Read more about DeBeer’s beneficiation efforts in support of African countries on these links:


http://www.debeersgroup.com/en/Sales-and-distribution/Beneficiation/

http://www.debeersgroup.com/en/Sustainability/Economics/
http://www.debeersgroup.com/en/Media-centre/Resource-centres/Natural-resources-to-shared-national-assets/

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Days Jewelers Ethical Move Paves The Way For Other Independent Jewelers

Days Jewelers, an independent chain of five stores in New Hampshire and Maine, are at the forefront of ethical practices in the jewelry sector.

Not long ago I read about Days Jewelers committment to purchasing the Botswana diamond, a new “fair trade” diamond brand. A bit of background here is in order.

The companies marketing to the “ethically concerned consumers” have been pushing Canadian diamonds primarily as the best choice for ethically mined diamonds. This marketing has been strongly criticized by those in the jewelry trade and important public figures, including Nelson Mandela, who advocate for the necessity of African diamonds.

Africa needs legitimate diamond trade in order to prosper.

The difficulty has been in finding sources that provide a clear chain of custody, from mine to market. The Botswana brand does this. Days Jewelers move to adopt this diamond is both savvy and groundbreaking.

They are not only changing their supply chain– equally important, is that they are educating their customers on issues relating to ethical practices in the jewelry sector. Watch this YouTube presentation by their president, Jeff Corey.

More recently, the company was written up in Rapaport for their charitable and educational efforts.

To quote from Jeff Miller’s article: “Day’s Jewelers will showcase the journey that each piece of jewelry takes. the event will educate customers about Africa’s diamond beneficiation movement, platinum and gold mining-practices, environmentally conscious jewelry recycling and the newest technology in computer-animated jewelry design.”

What is happening here a few years ago would have been unimaginable.

But with trade and consumer support, independent jewelers are beginning to understand what companies such as my own have known for some time: the ethical jewelry market not only is the right move in today’s world, but it also is a huge opportunity to capitalize on a market that has not yet been tapped.

These days, as consumers tighten up, they are looking more and more for ways to spend their money with companies that are in alignment with their values of hope for a better world. I see this every day in my own store in Santa Fe, New Mexico, as well as from comments on our website.

I offer my congratulation to Day’s jewelers for their trend setting move in Northern New England.

~ Marc Choyt, Publisher, Fairjewelry.org

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Michelle Graff of National Jeweler Writes About Wal-Mart’s “Earth Love”

This article clearly illustrates the position many people in the ethical jewelry movement hold with regard to Wal-Mart’s “Earth Love” jewelry. I was interviewed by Ms. Graff and quoted twice in the article.

Though the idea of mine to market sourcing would be considered a best practice for Wal-Mart, my view is that the positive element of this initiative is undermined by their nefarious marketing.

This is the fifth of an ongoing series of posts on fairjewelry.org tracing the development of Wal-Mart’s Earth Love jewelry.

~ Marc Choyt, Publisher

Read the original article off this link:

Wal-Mart’s ‘Love, Earth’ Could Have Retailers Seeing Green

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The International Jeweltree Foundation: A New Dimension of Transparency With a Touch of Humanity

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Media contact: Mike Angenent Open Source Minerals
mike@opensourceminerals.com

The International Jeweltree Foundation: A new dimension of transparency with a touch of humanity

Antwerp, Belgium (24 October, 2008)

The diamond and jewellery supply chain, from mine to market, is long, arduous and not always as transparent as it should be. With so many complex twists and turns, it is hardly surprising that people have little idea about the provenance of their diamond and jewellery , including where it came from and how it was made. Like the rarity of true love, each sparkling diamond or stunning piece of jewellery is a combination of a miracle of nature and dedicated handcraft. Each one has its own character, its own identity and should remain symbols of love, purity and integrity.

This is why the International Jeweltree Foundation has been brought to life. The International Jeweltree Foundation is a non-profit development organization which dedicates itself to ethical practices, environmental responsibility and full transparency within the diamond and jewellery industry.

We support local development projects based in diamond and gold producing third world countries which are necessary to establish a fair economy for everybody. To generate greater awareness within the industry and among the consumer, we decided to create a “true“ mine to finger experience. Therefore we selected IDL (International Diamond Laboratoties) to issue a more “transparent” certificate for each single polished diamond or diamond parcels.This unique certification system is a written guarantee disclosing clarity, colour, cut, carat, origin and cutting centre.

Together with IPIS (International Peace and Information Service) we provide the assurance that all Jeweltree-approved diamonds come from mines that are committed to health, safety, environment and community and that every diamond has been polished under the most favorable working conditions.

At the initial stage, to guarantee a better control, Jeweltree-approved diamonds are exclusively distributed through Open Source Minerals, www.opensourceminerals.com.

Transparency and integrity should become primary elements in the decision-making and purchasing process of jewellery, with the Jeweltree Foundation we hope to set new parameters in the our current buying behaviour which is mainly price-driven.
—————————————————————————————————————

The Jeweltree Foundation is an initiative of Open Source Minerals. Do you want to become a member? Please do not hesitate to contact, you can make a difference.

For more information, visit: www.jeweltreefoundation.org or
www.opensourceminerals.com.

The International Jeweltree Foundation is a non-profit development organization which dedicates itself to ethical practices, environmental responsibility and full transparency within the diamond and jewellery industry.

We support local development projects based in diamond and gold producing third world countries which is necessary to establish a fair economy for everybody. All Jeweltree-approved diamonds come from mines that are committed to health, safety, environment and community.

IDL — International Diamond Laboratories® (IDL) provides the diamond trade and jewelry retailers with quality reports of polished diamonds Reaching a new level of transparency As a government initiative the IDL seal stands for objectivity, independent scientific analyses and trust. As a non-profit development organization the International Jeweltree Foundation symbolizes equality, commitment, social responsibility with respect for man and environment. Together we joined forces to combine these ingredients and to provide a true mine to finger experience with regards to ethical diamonds and jewellery . This unique certification system is a written guarantee disclosing clarity, colour, cut, carat, origin and cutting centre.

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Diamond Mining Resurgence In Latin America

Introduction:

Few people when considering diamond mining think about Latin America. In fact, diamond deposits exist in several Latin American countries.

Recently, Venezuela has been in the news because they are exporting diamonds, yet they are not working within the Kimberly Certification Process.

In late September, an article ran in Forbes.com discussing the emerging diamond sector in Latin America. Though its economic outlook is somewhat out of date due to the recent financial declines, it still provides interesting information.

Key points:

–Diamond production exists in Brazil, Paraguay and Venezuela. There is exploration in Uruguay.

–Diamond trading in Latin America is largely informal and much of what is mined is sold on the black market.

– Some of Brazil’s largest deposits are in rain forests occupied by indigenous people.

~Marc Choyt, Publisher

See the full article using the link below:
Diamond Mining Resurges In Latin America

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Interview with Steve D’Esposito On The Radical Center and The Move To Resolve

Introduction:

Recently, Steve left his position at Earthworks, which he founded, to become president of the nonprofit, Resolve. (See our recent post at: http://www.fairjewelry.org/archives/509)

Photobucket
(Steve D’Esposito, President of Resolve)

When I look at the last five years, I see that much of the momentum toward ethical sourcing in the jewelry sector can be traced back to Steve’s work and vision. He was instrumental designing the “No Dirty Gold” campaign, in creating the Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance, in building relationships across sectors, and in creating the Madison Dialogue meeting which brought people from the sector together for the first time.

This is the second time that Steve has been interviewed on this blog. This time, I caught up with him before the official announcement and talked about the move.
~Marc Choyt, Publisher

Marc Choyt: What led you to leave Earthworks and join Resolve?

Steve D’Esposito: I have spent more and more of my time over the last few years, building bridges across the sectors and trying to identify leaders who want to actually develop and test solutions.

Resolve is perfectly suited to house this work. Resolve has intention, it has a result in mind—we refer to this as the “solve” part of the Resolve mission. But Resolve can also serve as a neutral ground, a place from which all who share that intention can work. That space is more difficult to create within an advocacy and campaigning organization.

I have been developing a concept which seeks to incubate, support, catalyze and credit some of the initial steps that companies and organizations are taking to put solutions in place. Where risk-taking and entrepreneurial activity is recognized, and those willing to take a step forward are recognized and rewarded. We will organize this work within a new initiative that we are calling the Earth Solutions Center at Resolve. It fits perfectly into the Resolve structure. We will also organize a Science Solutions capacity. This allows us to tap into both consensus building and facilitation expertise with science and technical expertise.

In fact, I first started talking to Resolve about potentially partnering with the Earth Solutions Center (which was going to be an independent organization). The conversation fairly quickly turned into a conversation about integration and an offer to run Resolve.

Marc Choyt: How does this tie into your work with the Madison Dialogues? Are you going to continue to support the efforts to create an “ethical platform?”

Steve D’Esposito: A lot of work is underway in the jewelry sector— I see a number of cutting edge projects from retailers, miners, and others.

The Madison Dialogue is a forum, a discussion group, and a very important one. It’s created an opportunity to foster relationships. It is a virtual entity. It’s great for information sharing and dialogue. It is, as you put it, an “ethical platform” and I will continue to support it—100%. Resolve will certainly support Madison Dialogue and similar efforts—whatever we can do, we will do.

The Earth Solutions Center can be a complement in that it creates a venue for testing, incubation and experimentation in an open-source, transparent format.

Marc Choyt: Have your efforts to work within the Radical Center space been hindered by your involvement in Earthworks, leading you to want to make this change?

Steve D’Esposito: It’s the result that matters. Earthworks has played and will continue to play a critical role as a catalyst. I look at the landscape and I see the need to be additive; to put some additional tools in the toolkit. I want to create space that works for Earthworks and Oxfam, Anglo Gold Ashanti and Rio Tinto, Leber Jewelers and Tiffany, and others. I am not looking to organize a love-fest here, but I do see places were opportunities are being missed and I want to capture those opportunities.

For me personally, what changes is that I have intention but I don’t have a specific dog in the fight.

Marc Choyt: Would you be interested in helping the Manufacturing Working group?

Steve D’Esposito: Yes, the Manufacturing dialogue is just the type of thing that I would be interested in supporting. Let’s explore what’s needed. Is it simply support, technical assistance, strategic guidance, someone to help the trains run on time? I would also like to look at current examples of emerging good practice.

Marc Choyt: Recently I was asked by another journalist, “What is responsible large scale mining?” I didn’t know quite how to answer that question, so I’m posing it to you.

Steve D’Esposito: Work is underway to develop a frame work for responsible mining through IRMA but that work is slow and plodding and is not fully resourced. CRJP is also doing work on gold and diamonds, but they face the challenge of how to more effectively engage stakeholders. ICMM has some excellent principles but verifying that you are credibly meeting your commitment to principles is a challenge without a set of standards or criteria.

At the same time if you survey the current landscape, you see companies innovating and getting results on the ground. I suspect that the best way to define responsible, large-scale mining is to survey best practice at current operations on an issue-by-issue basis. Where is good reclamation happening? Where has community sanction been achieved, etc.? That would be an interesting portrait to paint and one that may help the industry if it was actually painted.

Marc Choyt: Do you think that large scale mining can be called, “sustainable?”

Steve D’Esposito: Society needs and wants minerals and materials that are sourced from the Earth. The challenge that we have is to define responsibly sourced minerals and material and to create incentives for mining projects that can contribute to sustainable development. The fact is that with mining, you are depleting a resource. To the extent it stays in economy via recycling, that’s advantageous. So long as economy needs metals, then it is really a question of how society meets its mining and mineral needs more responsibly. The question that needs to be asked is, does that project contribute to responsible, ethical sourcing and sustainable development?

Marc Choyt: Are you going to continue working on mining issues with Resolve? How will it be different from what you did at Earthworks?

Steve D’Esposito: Yes. Mining issues and a broader set of natural resource and public health challenges.

I like your “radical center” reference. Within that, I would really like to focus on both theory and practice. The key is finding the right projects and organizations to test the theory in practice and then adapt the theory . The collaboration piece is key. So it involves finding the projects which people want to work with.

We need to show people that solutions exist, that they are practical, achievable and are good business. I take very seriously the business challenge—”let’s find a solution to this together.” That is a risk I am willing to take.

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Susan Kingsley Calls for Responsible Gold Mining

Introduction:

Susan Kingsley is a co-founder of Ethical Metalsmiths. This article first appeared in the Denver Post on September 9th, 2008. Thanks to Susan for permission to post her piece on fairjewelry.org. ~Marc Choyt, Publisher

As jewelers and metalsmiths, we depend on the mining industry to supply the gold and other precious metals we use in our work.

Not only is jewelry-making our livelihood, we love our craft and care deeply about where the metals and gems we use come from and how they are mined. A gift of jewelry, especially gold, symbolizes, love, affection, and respect. No one wants to buy “dirty gold” or “blood diamonds,” nor do we want to use them.

At the Denver Gold Forum recently, market events and future gold prospects dominate discussion. What isn’t on the agenda, but should be, is acknowledgment of the serious pollution and human rights concerns that plague the industry worldwide and meaningful discussion about how and when the industry will begin to produce gold more responsibly.

More than 80 percent of U.S. gold consumption is for jewelry. Today’s consumers expect the market to give them choices, and increasingly they look for ethically made products, from fair-trade coffee to organic produce and safe plastic.

That’s why 34 leading jewelry retailers, ranging from Tiffany & Co. to Helzberg Diamonds, and hundreds of small-scale jewelers and metalsmiths—including me—have called on the mining industry to produce gold and other metals in more responsible ways.

We have endorsed a set of environmental and social principles, called the “Golden Rules” for more responsible mining. This list includes respecting human rights and workers’ rights, keeping mines out of wildlife habitat and natural reserves, and respecting local communities’ rights when it comes to deciding where to build mines.

These jewelry retailers and metalsmiths together comprise roughly 25 percent of the U.S. jewelry market. We have pledged to buy gold from mines that meet these criteria as soon as it becomes available.

Which it isn’t. While some mining companies assert environmental credentials, there is as of yet, no independent, third-party verification process to objectively evaluate which mines abide by the Golden Rules test and which do not. Without such a process, consumers cannot distinguish between products and won’t know whose claims to believe.

While it’s true that some mining costs have increased - we all feel the pinch of higher fuel costs - the industry is enjoying a major boom. Record profits and sky-high metals prices could give companies the room to guarantee that mines are planned and conducted responsibly. Unfortunately, this doesn’t seem to be the case.

In some places, massive new mines are being forced on local communities that do not want them because of potential harm to critical water supplies and disruption of local economies that depend on healthy fisheries, farmland, or outdoor recreation and tourism.

For example, Anglo American and Northern Dynasty Minerals, are pushing to build a massive gold and copper mine at the headwaters of Bristol Bay, Alaska, home to the world’s most productive wild salmon fishery despite overwhelming opposition from local residents.

Water pollution also continues to be a problem. Denver-based Newmont plans to discharge mine waste into lakes in Canada. Similarly, Freeport McMoran continues to dump toxic waste into the Ajkwa River at the Grasberg Mine in Papua New Guinea.

Some mining companies continue to operate in military conflict zones where human rights abuses have been reported. And here at home, metal mining remains the country’s leading toxic polluter, according to the EPA.

We believe the mining industry can and must do better.

Responsible companies can begin by supporting independently verified standards for responsible mining and backing meaningful reform of the badly outdated 1872 Mining Law that allows water pollution and giveaways of public land and minerals throughout the West.

Metalsmiths, jewelers and consumers are demanding that mining companies leave dirty gold to the dustbin of history. Everyone stands to benefit from cleaner, greener, more responsibly mined gold. What is the mining industry waiting for?

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Greenlandic Inuit Rights Leader Responds To Government’s Proposed Changes In Mining Law

Below you can read a letter written by the 16th August Union in response to Greenland’s Bureau of Mining and Petroleum’s proposed changes to the mining law.

Before valuable rubies were documented, Inuits and Native Greenladers were able to mine and sell their gemstones freely, supported by the government.

Once valuable rubies were documented, local Greenlanders have been systematically disenfranchised from their own mineral rights. At present, they cannot sell their rubies.

This letter details the onerous behavior of the colonial government toward those Inuits seeking to maintain their rights to mine rubies.

Read The Letter (Adobe Reader - 58.4K) get adobe reader icon

Open Letter Delivery To Greenland Official
Inga B. Egede, leader of the 16th August Union, presents the document to a Greenland government official.” (photo courtesy, N. Madsen)

Here is the Letter as Plain Text: [Read more →]

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